The term "Amish" was first used when a man named Jakob Ammann led a group of people who conformed to his beliefs and opposed those of the Swiss brotherhood. This began the sect of Mennonite Christianity known as the Amish. From this time, Mennonites and Amish began to migrate to America. The initial cause of Jakob's decision to sever ties with the Anabaptist was the lack of discipline within the church. During the 18th century, due to religious wars and poverty, the Amish community began to migrate across the American continent. During the nineteenth century, a series of conferences were held that brought Amish leaders together to discuss the future of the Amish people. After several days of these meetings, more conservative and traditional-minded Amish leaders boycotted the conferences. This caused another historical divide in Amish history. This division made it possible to distinguish between the old order Amish (traditional minded) and the new order Amish (progressive minded). From the old Amish order arose another order known as the Swartzentruber Amish. This group grew out of a 1917 split in Holmes County, Ohio. Most Amish Swartzentrubers are found in Holmes County and Wayne County. Holmes County is 423.98 square miles and Wayne County is 556.82 square miles. Both are located in northeast central Ohio. These communities have an explicit enculturation process that produces the cultural components commonly associated with the Amish. Examples of Amish culture include modest clothing, hairstyles, and even home decorations. Their lifestyle is so saturated with religion and discipline that you cannot be Amish without being disciplined and religious. The de......center of the card......unit. Regardless of all the divisions within the Amish and Swartzentruber order, this order has managed to grow and spread into 13 states and Canada. Swartzentrubers maintain their extreme traditional beliefs and values, yet manage to develop and grow substantially. Since this community does not rely heavily on government and state assistance, but on families and the community as a whole, it will most likely continue to thrive in the world. The Swartzentrubers consider themselves one of the few groups that still respect the original Amish practices. People who look at this community consider them “stuck in time” due to the minimal amount of conformity found within the community. This group is an excellent example of a cultural community, due to the influences that produced the group and where the group has progressed from its origins.
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