According to the Association of Zoos and Aquariums, animal husbandry is defined as the physiological, biological, psychological and social needs of animals.1 Every zoo that is AZA accredited needs to meet these needs correctly for the species and on a regular basis. In the UK, the “five freedoms” are used to determine the correct husbandry of animals: freedom from injury and disease; freedom from hunger, thirst and malnutrition; freedom from thermal or physical stress; freedom to express “normal” behavior; and freedom from fear.4 Other freedoms have been proposed – freedom from boredom and freedom for animals to exercise control over their own quality of life, to name a few – but the five have remained as a framework for determining appropriate animal husbandry.4 Many dependent different are needed to meet these needs, from animal breeders to curators to veterinarians. Each aspect of animal husbandry, as described by the AZA, will be briefly addressed. Physiological and biological needs are what the animal must do for its body to function properly. These needs include, but are not limited to, respiration, food, water, sleep, excretion, and homeostasis. They are the foundation for life and are necessary for the animal to continue living. In zoo animals, nutrition is a crucial aspect because each animal has a particular diet; sometimes you don't know exactly what that diet is because not enough research has been done on that species. Animal keepers notice a problem with the animal by paying attention to its behavior. Normally, sick animals do not manifest themselves until the disease is in an advanced stage, because if they showed signs of being sick in the wild, they would be easily caught by predators.3 The altered behavior is different for each species and for each animal... . half of the document .......aza.org/health-husbandry-and-welfare/2. Bergmuller R. Animal personality and behavioral syndromes. In: Kappeler P, editor. Animal behavior: evolution and mechanisms. Germany: Springer, 2010. p. 587-621.3. Fowler ME. Behavioral cues for disease detection in wild animals: models in camelids and elephants. In: Miller RE, Fowler ME, editors. Fowler's Zoo and Current Treatment of Wildlife Medicine, Volume 6. St Louis: Elsevier; 2008. page. 33-49.4. Kagan R, Veasey J. Challenges of animal welfare in the zoo. In: Kleiman DG, Thompson KV, Baer CK, editors. Wild Mammals in Captivity: Principles and Techniques for Zoo Management, 2nd Edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010. p. 11-21.5. van Schaik CP. Social learning and culture in animals. In: Kappeler P, editor. Animal behavior: evolution and mechanisms. Germany: Springer, 2010. p. 623-53.