Introduction Malnutrition is common in hemodialysis patients due to specific characteristics of chronic renal failure, such as insufficient filtration capacity and accelerated protein degradation. A deteriorated nutritional condition threatens patients on chronic dialysis, reduced mobility, and poor outcomes include increased mortality (Carrero et al., 2013; Locatelli et al., 2002; Vannini, Antunes, Caramori, Martin, & Barretti, 2009). Therefore, several indicators of malnutrition of hemodialysis patients such as SGA, GNRI and albumin level have been proposed. However, the detection rate of each indicator appears to differ from each other (Pifer et al., 2002), and consideration of the particular characteristics of hemodialysis patients is necessary for practical application. Therefore, the use of sensitive identification assessment method and early intervention on malnourished patients are quite significant. Malnutrition and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients The characteristics of hemodialysis patients are described as surviving better when they have a higher serum creatinine concentration or a higher BMI representing a larger body size or greater muscle mass. An increase in dry weight with increased muscle mass correlates with maximum survival. On the other hand, weight loss with loss of muscle mass causes the worst mortality. Furthermore, gaining muscle mass with weight loss had a higher survival benefit than losing muscle mass with weight gain (Kalantar-Zadeh et al., 2010). Mortality risk is strongly associated with low BMI in maintenance hemodialysis patients (Kovesdy & Kalantar-Zadeh, 2009). Mortality risk is analyzed using the mSGA (modified global subjective assessment) score which contains recent weight loss, visual soma... middle of paper......there are the main components of the impedance of a biological tissue . BIA measures impedance or resistance using a weak electrical current through the body. Body composition is estimated using the difference in electrical current conductivity between extracellular fluid and body tissues since impedance is higher in fat tissue, which contains less fluid in the tissue than lean body mass. The reliability and validity of the BIA test for estimating lean mass and total body fat among hemodialysis patients are demonstrated by several studies (Chertow et al., 1995, Frstenberg & Davenport, 2011). However, this method is not available to people who have had a medical device implant such as a pacemaker or impedance cardioverter defibrillator as these medical equipment may have interfered with the BIA test due to the use of electrical current through the body.