Topic > Three Main Perspectives on Our Freedom - 600

It is debatable whether we are free to make our own choices or not. There is quite a bit of variety in people's ideas about our freedom. The three main perspectives on our freedom, however, are determinism, indeterminism, and compatibilism. The belief that all our choices are determined by forces beyond our control is called determinism. Determinists believe that each event is the result of the previous one. While determinists may all agree that everything can be traced back to a cause, they do not necessarily all agree on what the cause might be. Some of the most popular explanations involve human nature, the environment, social dynamics, and psychological forces. Human nature is described as our basic human instincts that influence how we behave. This explanation would make free choice impossible because all our actions would derive from our nature. The environmental explanation states that people are shaped by their environment and experiences to shape them to be the people they are. This explains that all our behaviors are the direct result of our life experiences. Social dynamics explain that people are strongly influenced by the people around them and that our behaviors are driven by the need to conform to society's norms and to please and obey others. Our psychological strengths are what make us think, feel, and act in certain ways. This view explains that, although we may think we are free to make our own choices, in reality these are governed by some deep and unconscious impulse that derives from our early experiences and relationships. A determinist philosopher, Baron d'Holbach, states that we are "connected to universal nature, and subjected to the necessary and immutable laws which it imposes on all the beings it contains". In other words, we are all a complex part of the universe and are subject to following biological and physical laws established in a natural causal system. Considering this, the idea that all our behaviors are caused seems clear. The second perspective is compatibilism, where determinism and indeterminism meet halfway. Compatibilists believe that our choices can be both free and unfree. Unfree choices are those imposed by internal or external forces and circumstances, while our free choices are those independent of these forces. Indeterminists believe that freedom of choice is a definite possibility in at least some cases. This is explained by the idea that if you are forced to make a decision, you are isolated from all external or internal influences.