Throughout history, beauty has been seen as a value for human beings. Beauty practices already begin with foot binding and continue to this day with cosmetic surgery procedures such as liposuction. On every billboard, magazine and business, citizens are reminded that they are not as physically attractive as they could be and that there is a solution to their problem. In his analysis of beauty, Kant states that beauty is morality. While physical beauty is highly valued in society, it is not the driving factor when it comes to determining morality and making ethical judgments. To support this, I will present Aristotle's virtue ethics and David Hume's Treatise on Human Nature to demonstrate that beauty is independent of virtue and does not influence morality as it is not considered when talking about morality. Kant argues that beauty is equivalent to morality. He states: “Beauty pleases immediately, disinterestedly, as a result of the freedom of the imagination, and with universal validity. Virtuous motivation is immediately pleasing even if independently of any prior interest, on the basis of a free use of intellectual faculties, and with universal validity. Assuming that Kant is referring to physical beauty, Kant explains that beauty is something that is objective to everyone as they like and provides freedom to human beings. He further explains that virtue is the same as giving pleasure by giving human intellectual freedom and compares beauty and virtue arguing that they are parallel. He believes that beauty impacts moral decisions and defines it as the foundation of morality. While Kant defends this idea, Aristotle and Hume disagree with Kant, stating that a virtue is morality, beauty is not a virtue, therefore beauty is n...... middle of paper ..... .y. The theses of Aristotle and David Hume refute Kant's argument. Aristotle states that virtue is defined only by the state of character determined solely by an individual's actions, demonstrating that beauty cannot be virtue. Aristotle continues his argument by stating that virtue is not just action but taking responsibility for those actions, good and bad. David Hume supports Aristotle's point that virtue is determined by a character's actions as well as the satisfactions others receive from these actions, but does not state that lack of satisfaction with someone's physical appearance means they are immoral since beauty is not an action that can be satisfied, justifying that beauty is not a virtue. Hume and Aristotle agree that virtue helps differentiate what is moral and immoral, but beauty is independent of virtue, which concludes that beauty is not a part of or influence on morality.
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