Reconstruction was the effort to remake and change the South, monetarily and socially after the Civil War, and to reshape race relations throughout the country. Historical scholars of the period focused on five questions: What situation was being attempted to change and why? What were the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments and how did they affect former slaves? How did African Americans gain political power during this period? How did the South resist reconstruction? And why was the reconstruction considered a failure? Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay Reconstruction was as deeply political as the discussions of subjugation and civil war that established its phase, and each of the three took after a similar example: radicalism triumphed when reactionaries overextended themselves. In 1861, the Southern withdrawal freed Republicans from the strain of compromising to safeguard the Union. The Lincoln administration and the Republican majority in Congress revoked supremacist laws, announced secession…free slaves, drafted African-American troops, and ultimately passed the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished servitude across the nation. The slaves easily freed themselves by running away. to Union rule and fought valiantly against their former leaders. The most dangerous war in American history erased subjection, as did much of the South, which consequently led to physical and monetary capital. Crushed, paralyzed, and financially discouraged, in 1865 the South seemed helpless in the face of the prosperous and self-assured North, whose extremist government, awash in the expert ethic of energetic, reformist warfare, seemed poised to remake the country. , be that as it may, proceeded as if the war had resolved nothing except the difficulty of withdrawal and the apparent annihilation of slavery. After Lincoln's death and his accession by Tennessee Democrat Andrew Johnson, Southern states passed black codes that denied African Americans rights such as the right to buy or lease land, to refuse to sign annual labor contracts, to be of juries, of asserting oneself against whites in court, and of voting. Blacks were shunned from government-funded schools, dark wanderers were apprenticed to their former owners, black slaves had to work from dawn to dusk for their masters. Southern whites also demanded that the appointment of former Confederate officials and parliamentarians be immediately placed in Congress. In any case, the Republicans who controlled Congress refused to recognize the renegades of the past and took ultimate control of Reconstruction. contracts, and opened schools where former slaves could be educated and courts where their concerns could be arbitrated, Republicans in Congress repealed his act, as well as his veto of a civil rights bill that outlawed the black codes and commanded essential legal uniformity. After considerable Democratic resistance, Republicans passed the Fourteenth Amendment, which constitutionalized social liberties, seeking to ensure due process and balance for all under the watchful eye of the law. In the seminal racial crusade of 1866, Johnson demagogically struck Congress, Northern Democrats were relentlessly energized by race, and Southern whites rioted in Memphis and New Orleans, executing 89 African Americans, in full view of the national press. Northern voters responded by giving the Republicans an avalanche, which made themore radical reconstruction. Ten Southern states were placed under brief military rule, forced to free African Americans and revise their constitutions, and readmitted to Congress simply as a result of upholding the Fourteenth Amendment and significantly more liberal state constitutions. Since Johnson resisted attempting to subvert the anti-supremacy settlement, he was reprimanded, all but indicted and, for all intents and purposes, rendered harmless. Although strengthened by the proximity of elected troops, the Fifteenth Amendment, which mandated largely racially impartial suffrage, and government positions with which to reward supporters, the new Southern governments faced three obstacles that ultimately proved insurmountable. revamp the Southern system and satisfy a much broader interest in taxpayer-led organizations, especially training, raising charges in a broken district and after 1873, in a severe financial crisis. Secondly, they had to defeat the prejudices instilled for two centuries and persuade one in four white men to vote in favor of the group that had recently defeated their side in a bloody war. Third, they had to further defeat an enemy willing to exploit any measure of misrepresentation and brutality to win decisions and enchanted to use brilliant racial laws and prejudicial practices to maintain control, once they had it. After Northern voters responded to Northern pain and ethno-religious conflict by choosing a Democratic majority in the House in 1874, it was difficult to see how Reconstruction could survive. Despite the fact that the Republicans rallied to win the closest presidential decision in U.S. history in 1876, part of the cost of resolving disagreements regarding the outcome of the race was the intended guarantee to stop using the military to protect Southern Republicans. as the conclusion of the reconstruction. Many history specialists believe that the reconstruction brought about significant changes. As slaves, African Americans worked earnestly, regularly in expansive groups under the constant risk of physical discipline. They could not legitimately marry or learn to read or compose. They could be sold or moved against their will and their families separated. The owners have always mediated in their lives. After liberation, blacks initially worked in teams, normally led by free black temporary workers, and step by step convinced landowners to allow them to live on small family plots, where they enjoyed a level of security. and autonomy. Through sharecropping actions, in which workers were paid a level equal to the estimate of the crops after the agreement, landowners and specialists shared the danger of disappointment in the product and prepared for breach of contract on both sides. Freedmen often used their new ideal to relocate and deal with chiefs. By 1900, 20 percent of black ranch managers laid claim to the land they worked. The United States was the major expanding slave society that immediately emancipated former slaves, and the energy and attitude with which it approached governmental matters astonished and disheartened its former leaders, who expected meekness and ineptitude. Unanimously supporting the Republican Party, the Party of Cancellation and Liberation, freedmen chose governments that promoted state-level educational facilities, upgraded railroads, passed social equality laws, and guaranteed workers' privileges. Indeed, even after 1877, most of the.