Early modern Europe experienced several tragedies in which citizens sensed there must be a better way to live where happiness was more familiar. The alterations of what truly defines absolute happiness in a society during these times of catastrophe have been expressed through utopian literature. Thomas More's Utopia, Tomasso Campanella's City of the Sun, and Caron De Beaumarchais's The Marriage of Figaro together attempt to answer what truly creates a happy civilization during different periods of crisis in Europe. Each of these utopian literatures suggests a different origin from which happiness derives, clearly meaning that change in Europe would be beneficial. The revolutionary ideas of change in Europe proposed by Utopia, City of the Sun and The Marriage of Figaro through their individual utopias, demonstrated their belief that such a change in social classes, the expression of moral pleasures and a more unified government would lead to a happier and less corrupt society. In the early 16th century there was a myth that education and learning through the “true” Christian message would bring the ancient church back to life and inspire solutions to social and political problems; the first example is Thomas More's Utopia. Utopia encouraged happiness by basically living a morally correct life. According to Utopia the removal of private property was crucial to living ethically because with common property there is no greed. Furthermore, the abolition of private property also meant that there would be no means of trade applicable to the elimination of greed as well. Hythloday expresses his distaste for private property when he says, "But as long as it continues, it will remain among the most and b...... middle of paper ...... writing skills of the contributing authors appropriately have shown to the European public that with their suggested root of happiness, change would be inevitable for a better and happier life The revolutionary ideas for the stepping stones of happiness: moral pleasure, unified government and equality of social classes demonstrated that peoples. Europeans were not happy. They wanted to change the way they lived and find the roots of happiness. Works cited Beaumarchais, Caron De and John Wood. The Barber of Seville and The Marriage of Figaro. 106-217. Stampa.Campanella, Tommaso. The New Atlantis and the City of the Sun: two classic utopias. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications. 43-85 David Harris Sacks. Utopia. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 1999. Print.