IntroductionThe mind is an intriguing element of human life not only for its complexity and capacity, but above all for its opacity. How does psychology understand something so dark and complex? Evidently by observing and measuring the product of cognitive processes that occurs through an interaction between the external and internal world. The term “cognitive processes” is a rather collective term that refers to a range of mental processes such as perceiving, thinking, speaking, acting, planning, and imagining (Ward, 2006). The processes themselves are extremely difficult to measure directly, if possible. However, it is possible to better understand these mental processes by observing the hidden products, such as hemodynamic and electrophysiological changes, and the overt products, such as behavior, accuracy, response times and eye movements. The purpose of this essay is to examine the evidence that demonstrates exactly how eye movements reflect cognitive processes. Given the vastness of the topic, this essay will focus on only one of the cognitive processes mentioned above. There has been much attention, extensive literature, and reviews regarding eye movements as a tool for understanding the processes of reading, visual perception, visual search, and attention (e.g., Rayner, 1998; Liversedge & Findlay, 2000; Schutz, Braun, & Gegenfurtner , 2011). ). All the fields of research mentioned concern the measurement of eye movements while viewing some form of visual stimulus, this thesis will explore a more aberrant field, the evidence will be based on the literature relating to eye movements when sensory visual input is absent, during visual mental images.When reviewing the fundamental themes of the literature relating to the eye m...... middle of paper ......information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 372-422. Schutz, A. C., Braun, D. I., & Gegenfurtner, K. R. (2011). Eye movements and perception: a selective review. Journal of Vision, 5, 1-30.Shallice,T. (1988). From neuropsychology to mental structure. New York: Cambridge University Press. Sima, J. F., Lindner, M., Schultheis, H., & Barkowsky, T. (2010). Eye movements reflect reasoning with mental images but not with mental models in orientation knowledge tasks. Spatial Cognition, 10, 248-261. Spivey, M. J., & Geng, J. J. (2001). Oculomotor mechanisms activated by imagination and memory: eye movements towards absent objects. Psychological Research, 65, 235-241.Ward, J. (2006). The student guide to cognitive neuroscience. New York: Psychology Press. Watson, J. B. (1913). Psychology as the behaviorist sees it. Psychological review, 20, 158-177.