Sung Dynasty leaders created the civil service exam to staff the state bureaucracy. There were three levels of exams that could be taken and each test was more difficult than the previous one. Depending on the exam(s) you pass, your suitability for different government positions is determined. Because the stakes of the exams were so high, many measures were taken to ensure the integrity of the system. To avoid cheating, test takers were frisked and forced to wear scholarly robes with loose sleeves before entering exam rooms. Exams had to be taken in small rooms with cots. The test participants were brought food by people who could neither read nor write, so they were unable to give answers. Test takers were assigned numbers to use in place of their names, and the handwritten exams were all copied to prevent nepotism. Nepotism is favoritism or prejudice, this was a concern of the creators of the civil service exams because they did not want any person to have an advantage because of who they were. The civil service exams were very tough tests that only 5% of participants passed. Because of the difficulty of the tests, the men taking them had to be highly educated and able to read and write, which was rare in China. Taking exams and obtaining a classical education has become certification for being one