Topic > Comparing and Contrasting Symbolic Interactionism in Sociology

Functionalists criticize symbolic interactionism because they do not see the big picture that functionalists focus on. For example, a symbolic interactionist would not take into account large social forces such as racism or gender inequality, which strongly influence how we interpret race and gender. A functionalist looks at the behaviors of entire family systems or groups of people while interactionists look at the behavior of an individual. A functionalist would also criticize that symbolic interactionism is not a unified theory; it is a framework that can support many specific theories. For example, Goffman's dramaturgical theory contains concepts within the interactionist perspective that are more clearly defined, but still capable of deception. A functionalist perspective is routine and can usually predict how something will happen. For example, Talcott Parsons' sex role theory shows the role of each person in the family, and the family seems to remain stable. In symbolic interactionism, it is difficult to predict how a person will react to or interpret a symbol or behavior. Using both perspectives, sociologists are able to interpret human behavior on a large group or group basis