The problems faced by those who struggle with sexual orientation and gender identity have become more public in today's society, thanks in part to changing social views and a greater level of acceptance of individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT). However, despite the increase in visibility and acceptance in society, these individuals still experience much negativity, including discrimination, oppression, violence and victimization due to their sexual orientation and gender identity. Adolescence and young adulthood can be a tumultuous time of change and development. in a person's life, as they attempt to discover their individuality and place in society. Brewster and Moradi (2010, p. 406) noted that this is a time of exploration and experimentation in developing aspects of their lives, including dating, relationships, and intimacy. Zastrow and Kirst-Ashman (2013, p. 339) cited Dotinga and Mundell (2010) who state that “adolescence makes young people particularly vulnerable to harassment, and difficulties in dealing with sexuality can further complicate the situation.” Therefore, for a young person who is attempting to discover their sexual orientation and gender identity, it may be increasingly difficult, in part due to ongoing negative social views about gender identification that differs from one's gender at birth. Shilo and Savaya (2011, p. 318) noted that research conducted over the past 20 years shows serious mental health disparities when comparing LGB youth and heterosexual youth (as originally noted by D'Augelli, 2006; Ryan, Huebner, Diaz and Sanchez, 2009), including higher rates of mental distress, suicidal ideation, victimization, and substance abuse. They also noted that so… half of the document… er, J. (2011). Different patterns of sexual identity development over time: Implications for the psychological adjustment of lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth. Journal of Sex Research, 48(1), 3–15. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. Shilo, G., & Savaya, R. (2011). Effects of family and friend support on the mental health and sexual orientation of LGB youth. Family Relations, 60(3), 318-330. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2011.00648.x. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. Van Den Bergh, N., & Crisp, C. (2004). Defining culturally competent practice with sexual minorities: Implications for social work education and practice. Journal of Social Work Education, 40(2), 221-238. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. Zastrow, C., & Kirst-Ashman, K. (2013). Understanding human behavior and the social environment (9th ed.). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.